How to Clean and Protect Gemstones: A Complete Care Guide

Editor: Nidhi Sood on Nov 14,2024

Ah, well, all of us, at one point or another, have admired our beautiful gemstone ring and then wanted to scratch our heads because it is not as shiny as it was when we first put it on.  Don't panic. You know your diamond is losing its sparkle when you consider taking it to a spa day. Alas, gemstone facials aren't on the menu, but you can give your precious stones a little TLC with proper cleaning and care.

Be it that dazzling diamond, radiant ruby, or calming amethyst, your gemstones need a little more attention to keep the sparkle going. This guide will outline everything you should know about cleaning and caring for your gemstones so they shine as brightly as on the first day you purchased them.

Why Proper Gemstone Care Matters

Gemstones are beautiful and also surprisingly fragile, and over a period of time, dirt, oils, makeup, lotions, and some chemicals settle on the gem's surface, letting it slowly lose its shine. Just like you maintain your skin or hair, gemstones also need the same attention to keep them in the proper form and look their absolute best.

Know Your Gemstone

Gemstones are generally classified into two categories: precious and semi-precious. While both types are beautiful and precious, there's a difference in the rarity, historical significance, and care required.

Precious Gemstones

Precious stones are the most prized and sought-after globally.  These stones are rare and more expensive owing to their rarity, durability, and the long periods required to mine and cut them. These four precious stones are known as the Big Four:

  • Diamonds: Diamonds are among the hardest stones, with a Mohs hardness rating of 10. They are well known for being brilliant and durable.
  • Sapphires: Blue quite often, but sapphires come in several different colors. They are also rugged and highly durable, which are prevalent characteristics of engagement rings.
  • Emeralds: Deep green emeralds are known for their rich, bright color. However, diamonds or sapphires can be more brittle and less scratch-resistant.
  • Rubies: Rubies are some of the hardest gemstones on earth, and they stand out due to their intense red color. Ruby is one of the most expensive stones in the world, and its primary definition of brilliance makes it highly sought after.

These stones are sometimes given extra care and unique cleaning processes as they are precious.

Semi-Precious Gemstones

Semi-precious gemstones occur naturally in massive deposits but are less expensive than precious stones. But it doesn't minimize their beauty or value. They are used widely in most of the application of costume jewelry and are highly valued because of their variety in colors, textures, and patterns. Some famous semi-precious stones include:

  • Amethyst: A purple tinge of quartz, it is amethyst for which healing energy and vivacity are so famously ascribed.
  • Cold blue color scales characterize Aquamarine and are predominantly found in rings, necklaces, and earrings.
  • Citrine: A yellow to orange-colored quartz, citrine is said to bring positivity and energy.
  • Topaz: This also comes in more colors; however, topaz is exceptionally treasured in its blue and golden forms.
  • Garnet: Though garnets are only red, the stones are often considered elegant and gorgeous, which is also why most fine and even fashion jewelry contain them.
  • Turquoise: This bright blue-green stone is a favorite among statement pieces, especially in boho or southwestern-style jewelry.

Semi-precious stones may not sell at inflated prices, but they must be treated carefully to preserve their beauty.

General Gemstone Cleaning Do's

  • Use a Soft Cloth: When cleaning your gemstones, use a soft microfiber cloth, as rough materials can scratch the surface.
  • Soap and Water Solution: Most gemstones require a mild solution comprising warm water and a few drops of dish soap. Soak your gemstone in this solution for 5 to 10 minutes, then gently brush the area around the setting with a soft brush.
  • Rinsing: Always rinse your gemstones under lukewarm running water to flush out soap residue.
  • Dry Gently: When drying, gently pat the stone with a soft cloth. Avoid rubbing, as this may scratch.
  • Store Properly: If you do not wear your gemstones, store them in a soft jewelry pouch or separately so as not to rub against one another and scratch. You could invest in a padded jewelry box.

Cleaning Gemstones Don'ts 

  • Do not use Harsh Chemicals: Do not use harsh chemicals like aggressive cleaners, bleach, or ammonia, as they will damage some gemstones or reduce their color.
  • Avoid Using Tough Brushes: Tough-bristled brushes or abrasive sponges can scratch your gemstones and settings.
  • Avoid Hot Water: Some gemstones, such as opals, are sensitive to temperature variations. Avoid cleaning them using hot water, as this may cause fractures or damage.

Recommended Cleaning Practices for Specific Gems

cleaning gem

While most cleaning methods are general to all types of gemstones, there are a few variations regarding some specific stone types.

Diamonds

Diamonds are complex, but they can collect oils and grime over time. Soak your diamond ring in warm, soapy water for 10-15 minutes. Use a soft toothbrush to scrub around the settings and prongs. Let it dry on a soft cloth in warm water.

Sapphires and Rubies

Like diamonds, sapphires and rubies are tough, too. Cleaning these gemstones requires only soapy water; a soft brush will suffice. However, avoid harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners, which can sometimes cause stones to lose luster or cause minute fracture fissures.

Emeralds

Emeralds are much more fragile than diamonds or sapphires and require extra care. Refrain from soaking them in water for a long time. It would help to clean them gently with a soft, damp cloth. Mild, soapy water is OK, but emeralds should never be subjected to harsh chemicals. Furthermore, emeralds often contain natural inclusions, or "flaws," so they have unique care requirements to avoid cracking.

Opals

Opals are highly fragile and porous.  You can use a soft cloth or diluted soap-and-water solution to clean opals. Do not soak opals in water for hours; never subject these gemstones to steam or ultrasonic cleaners. Once you have cleaned your pearls, let them dry in the air.

Pearls 

Pearls are relatively more fussy due to their fragile nature. Clean your pearls with a soft, dry cloth to remove oils from lotions, makeup, or perfumes after each wear. Never bathe your pearls in water or even use any potent cleaning agents. Little maintenance now and then will maintain the luster of your pearls.

Semi-Precious Gemstones Cleaning & Care

While semi-precious stones come more readily, they require proper care to remain their best. Here is how to clean some of the most common rocks:

Amethyst

Soak amethyst jewelry in warm water with mild dish soap, and gently brush off dirt with a soft brush. Avoid strong chemicals and intense heat, as this can cause fading. Dry with a soft cloth.

Aquamarine

Clean with a mild soap solution and a soft cloth. Clean even deeper with a soft brush. Avoid using harsh chemicals, especially extreme temperatures that will damage the stone.

Citrine

Clean with soapy water and a soft-bristled brush. Avoid using ultrasonic cleaners or other chemicals that could destroy the stone. Allow it to air dry with a soft cloth to restore shine.

Topaz

Soak in soap water and then brush softly with a gentle brush. Avoid chemical cleaners, ultrasonic cleaners, or abrasive materials. Dry it off with soft clothes so as not to lose its shine.

Turquoise

Clean it with a damp cloth. Do not soak the stone in water, as this damages it. Do not use chemical cleaners or abrasives on it. Dry it well to prevent discoloration.

Garnet

Wipe clean with mild soap, water, and a soft cloth or brush. Rinse thoroughly and dry carefully to avoid water spots. Store it separately from other jewelry so as not to scratch.

How to Prevent Damage: Protecting Your Gemstones

Besides cleaning, ensuring that your gemstones are free of destructive materials is next. Here is how to protect your stones from damage:

  • Avoid Submerging Your Gemstone in Chemicals: Do not use any product that might affect the sparkle and color of your gemstone, such as cleaning chemicals, hairsprays, perfumes, and lotions.
  • To avoid dirt accumulation, Remove ornaments such as rings, bracelets, and necklaces during sports, cleaning, or any other activity that involves much strain on the ornament. This will help avoid scratches, dirt accumulation, or damage.
  • Avoid High Temperature for Some Gems: Some gemstones react adversely to extreme temperature fluctuations, like opals and pearls. Avoid placing such ornaments in hot water or exposing them directly to the sun or extreme cold.
  • Regular checks: Get a professional jeweler to inspect your jewelry to ensure the stones are tight, the setting is proper, and no other damages may be liable for correction.

Conclusion

Caring for gemstones requires a process, and with the techniques mentioned in this guide, you can ensure that your precious stones shine for many more years. Wearing a diamond engagement ring, a sapphire pendant, or even a pair of opal earrings will shine brightly and look dazzlingly fine just as the day you got it by following our tips on caring for gemstones.


This content was created by AI